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SUGAR, SODIUM, FAT AND CHOLESTEROL
CONTROLLED DIET
Purpose: The low sugar, salt and fat diet is
designed to limit the total amount of fat, salt and sugar in the diet to reduce serum
lipid levels and to achieve and maintain near normal blood glucose levels. This diet is
for people who find the exchange system too confusing or restricting to follow.
Use: It is used for the person with either
non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or for people who need or want to cut down on
their sugar, salt and fat intake. The calorie-controlled
diet may be adapted for weight reduction and weight maintenance. It is also used for
persons with elevated serum cholesterol levels or those who are high-risk candidates for
heart disease.
General Guidelines
- Eat less cholesterol (limit egg
yolks to not more than 4 per week and meat, fish, poultry to no more than 6 ounces a day)
- Reduce saturated fat intake (red meat, cheese, whole milk, butter, ice cream,
etc)
- Eat less trans fat (stick margarine, shortening, cakes, pies, French
fries, snack chips)
- Limit total fat intake to less than 30% of total daily calories.
- Reduce salt intake (canned and dried soups, fast
foods, frozen dinners, pizza, processed meats and cheese)
- Reduce sugar intake
- Eat more fruits, vegetables, multigrain breads, and
cereals.
- Recommend 20-35 grams/day of dietary fiber from
a wide variety of foods.
- Maintain a healthy weight.
- Be careful when using special diet or dietetic foods
such as dietetic cake, cookies, candy and ice cream. These foods contain some form of
sweetener and, therefore, calories.
- Individuals with diabetes should monitor blood
glucose, glycated hemoglobin, lipids, blood pressure and body weight.
- Exercise at least 30 minutes on most days (brisk
walking, aerobics, biking, etc). Regular exercise improves control of blood sugar and is
an important part of any healthy lifestyle.
- Experiment with recipes by gradually reducing the
amount of sugar by 1/4th then l/3rd then 1/2
- Use the "sweet" spicescinnamon
cloves ginger or nutmegto bring out sweetness in baked goods
- Read the food
labels for fat, sugar, and salt.
Meal Planning Guidelines
| FOODS ALLOWED |
FOODS TO LIMIT |
| MILK & DAIRY 2-3
servings each day Nonfat dry milk powder
Skim milk (nonfat milk)
Nuskim
Light milk, 1/2% or 1%
Yogurt, plain, nonfat or low fat
Evaporated skim milk
Cottage cheese (1 or 2%)
Low fat cheeses (labeled 2-6 grams of fat/ounce):
skim milk mozzarella, skim milk Swiss cheese, and skim milk ricotta |
MILK & DAIRY Whole or 2% milk (regular, evaporated, condensed,
chocolate)
Whole milk yogurts
Fruited or flavored yogurt
Milkshake, frozen malt or frozen milkshake, frappes
Nestle's Quick powders,
Flavored milk (i.e. chocolate, strawberry)
Instant breakfast
Sweetened cocoa mixes.
Eggnog
Whole milk cottage cheese (4% fat), cream cheese,
sour cream, high fat and sodium cheeses:
Whole milk cheddar, Swiss, Monterey Jack,
Camembert, American, Brie, mozzarella, fete, Muenster, Neufchatel. Gorgonzola, Roquefort
Cheese spreads |
| FRUIT AND VEGETABLES
5-9 servings each day Fresh, frozen,
canned fruits and vegetables without sugar or salt; low sodium vegetable juices
No added salt tomato products
Avocado
Unsweetened juices
Water packed canned fruits |
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Coconut, sauerkraut
Vegetables prepared in salt, butter, cream, cheese,
or high fat sauce
Fruit and vegetables prepared in candied sauces or
glazes cooked with honey, syrup, sugar, jelly, marmalade, or jam.
Canned, fresh or frozen fruit with sugar added;
fruits packed in syrup.
Sweetened juice, such as fruit flavored drinks |
| BREADS & GRAINS
6-11 servings each day Breads: white,
whole wheat, pumpernickel, rye, and pita;
Bagels, tortillas, English muffins, sandwich buns,
and dinner rolls
Hot cereals such as oatmeal, cream of wheat,
farina, grits, most unsweetened dry cereals
Pasta, barley, potatoes, and rice, couscous
Homemade baked goods using allowable ingredients
Low fat and low salt crackers such as graham
crackers, matzo, bread sticks, rye crisps, soda crackers, Zwieback, rice cakes |
BREADS AND GRAINS Sweetened or frosted breads
Any grains prepared with sweetened sauces
Pasta and rice prepared with cream, butter, or
cheese sauce, egg noodles; stuffing mixes, rice mixes, pasta mixes, prepared dinners
Breads, crackers, rolls with salted tops;
commercially baked goods: pies, cakes, donuts, croissants, cinnamon bread, pastries,
coffee cakes, sweet rolls, muffins, biscuits.
Sugar coated pre-sweetened cereals, honey flavored
or fruit-flavored cereals, cocoa flavored cereals, granola cereals
Most snack crackers like cheese or butter crackers
or those made with saturated fat; salted popcorn, pretzels, or chips |
| MEATS & MEAT
SUBSTITUTES 2-3 servings or total of 6 oz daily Any meat, poultry or fish should be cooked without salt or seasonings containing
salt and prepared without sweet and sour marinades (made with sugar), barbecue sauces that
have catsup, chili sauce, honey or brown sugar, and teriyaki sauce
Beef
Chuck: arm, shoulder, pot roast
Filet mignon
Ground beef (95% lean)
Loin: porterhouse steak, top loin steak
Loin: sirloin steak, T-bone steak, tenderloin
Rib: rib eye steak, rib eye roast
Round: roast, steak, tip roast
Round: top, bottom or eye round roast (select)
Veal: cutlet, loin chop, rib roast
Fish
All fresh or frozen fish: canned tuna and salmon
(low sodium fresh water packed), scallops, shrimp, lobster, flatfish, flounder, crab,
clams
Rainbow trout, salmon, sardines, haddock, halibut,
red snapper, swordfish, sole, sturgeon,
Mussels, oysters, cod, perch, pike, crayfish
Lamb: Foreshank, braised leg, shank or
Sirloin half loin, whole, broiled
Pork
Loin, tenderloin, center loin cuts
Shank or rump half
Poultry (light meat is leaner than dark
meat)
Turkey
Turkey, breast, wing, leg (for fryers and
roasters-hens and toms may be twice as fatty)
Turkey store extra lean ground breast
Chicken
Chicken, drumstick, breast
Duck, roasted (flesh only)
Cornish game hen, quail, pheasant
Organ Meats
Limit to 3 oz. per month
Eggs
Egg whites, cholesterol-free egg substitute; limit
egg yolks to 3 per week
Game
Rabbit, venison, buffalo meat |
MEATS & MEAT
SUBSTITUTES Any meat, poultry or fish
that is fried prepared with sweet and sour marinades (made with sugar), barbecue sauces
that have catsup, chili sauce, honey or brown sugar, and teriyaki sauce.
Beef
Regular ground round, brisket, ribs, prime rib
Veal: Veal cutlet
Fish: Fried, dried, canned, or smoked fish
such as canned tuna and salmon, sardines, anchovies, caviar, salted cod, herring,
sardines, lox, kippered salmon.
Pork
Pork rinds
Ham, sausage, bacon, jowls, fat back, salt pork,
cured pork, pork rinds, pickled pigs feet
Chitterlings
Loin, Blade
Poultry
Cured, salted, canned or smoked poultry
Duck, roasted, (flesh and skin)
Goose, roasted, (flesh and skin)
Poultry packed in broth
Processed meats:
Frozen dinners
Cured, salted, canned or smoked meats processed
meats such as:
Headcheese
Pate
Frankfurter, turkey, chicken, beef or pork
Corned beef
Bacon
Luncheon meats such as bologna and salami
Chorizo (Mexican sausage)
Beef jerky
Link Sausage
Pepperoni
Braunschweiger, liverwurst, bratwurst
Kielbasa, pastrami (beef)
Caviar
Roe
Regular canned or corned beef
Organ Meats
Liver, kidney, sweetbread, brain (more than 3
oz. per month)
Eggs
More than 3 egg yolks per week |
| Nuts & Beans Dried beans and peas, lentils and tofu
Low sodium peanut butter
Soups
Homemade cream or meat broth soups made without
salt or high fat milk products |
Nuts & Beans Baked beans flavored with brown sugar, molasses, honey or
maple syrup.
Canned beans, peas and lentils
Regular peanut butter
Salted nuts
Soups
Regular canned soups, stews, or bouillon cubes,
cream soups made with whole milk, cream, or half-and-half and salt
Dried soups |
| FATS & SNACKS (use
sparingly) Unsaturated vegetable oils:
corn, olive, peanut, canola, safflower, sesame, soybean
Rice-bran oil
Margarine or shortenings, non stick or tub (with
unsaturated vegetable oils as the first ingredient)
Salad dressings, low sodium and low fat or fat free
Low fat or fat free cream cheese
Mayonnaise, low fat, low cholesterol, or fat-free
Imitation sour cream
Poly Rich® Non-dairy creamer
Baking cocoa
Cakes, cookies, or pies made allowable ingredients.
Low fat, sugar free frozen desserts, frozen yogurt,
sugar free Popsicle, fruit bars, and Fudgsicles®
Low fat cakes such as angel food cake or other
varieties
Low fat, low sugar cookies such as vanilla wafers,
animal crackers, gingersnaps
Sugar free hard candy,
Sugar free gelatin dessert, sugar free cocoa mixes
Sugar substitutes
Sugar free jellies, jams, fruit spreads
Unsalted low fat snacks such as plain popcorn,
pretzels (hard or soft) |
FATS & SNACKS Butter, coconut and palm oils, lard, bacon fat
Margarines or shortenings made with saturated fat
listed above.
Dressings made with egg yolk, coconut, or chocolate
Cream, half and half, most non-dairy creamers,
whipped toppings
Nondairy cream substitutes
Coffee whitener/cream substitute
Cream (light, cream, or table)
Sour cream, cream cheese, whipping cream
Regular salad dressings (sour cream base, French,
Ranch, blue cheese)
Salad dressing mixes
Cheese based dressings
Green and black olives
High fat frozen desserts: ice cream, frozen tofu or
custard, most store bought frosted cakes, and cookies, candy, chocolate bars
Potato and corn chips prepared with saturated fat,
buttered, caramelized or cheese popcorn, prepackaged microwave popcorn
Pop tarts, fruit rolls |
| MISC. Non-fat, sugar free beverages like carbonated drinks, water,
tea, and coffee;
Sugar free mineral water
Sugar free drinks like lemonade, Kool-Aid, punch
Club soda
Low sodium mustard, vinegar, cooking wine, herbs
and spices
Low sodium soy sauce |
MISC. High fat beverages like frappes, milk shakes, floats, and
eggnog
Regular carbonated beverages or soft drinks
Sweetened fruit drinks, Kool-Aid, Hi-C
Tonic water, beer, wine, alcohol, hard liquor
Sweetened carbonated and mineral waters
Accent
Alka-Seltzer
All commercially prepared and convenience foods
such as TV dinners, box mixes, canned entrees, Hamburger Helper, meat pies, Chinese
dinners, pizza, Shake'n Bake mixes
BBQ sauce
Brown sugar
Catsup
Celery salt
Chili sauce
Corn syrup
Garlic salt
Honey
Horseradish
Jam
Jelly
Kitchen Bouquet
Lemon pepper
Marinade sauce
Meat tenderizers
Molasses
Most prepared sauces
Onion salt
Party spreads
Pickle relish
Pickles
Regular chewing gum
Regular ketchup
Regular mustard
Relish
Salt
Soy sauce
Steak sauce
Sugar
Sweet pickles,
Syrup (maple, sorghum, and other assorted).
Tartar sauce
Teriyaki sauce
Worcestershire sauce |
| LABEL INGREDIENTS Carob
Cocoa
Oils, like corn, cottonseed, olive,
Safflower, sesame, soybean, or sunflower
Nonfat dry milk, nonfat dry milk solids, skim milk |
LABEL INGREDIENTS Animal fat, like bacon, beef, ham, lamb
Baking Powder
Baking Soda (Sodium Bicarbonate)
Brown sugar
Butter, lard
Chocolate
Cocoa butter
Coconut, coconut oil, palm kernel or palm oil
Corn syrup
Corn syrup solids
Cream
Dextrose
Egg and egg-yolk solids
Fructose
Glucose
Hardened fat or oil
High fructose corn syrup
Honey,
Hydrogenated vegetable oil
Lactose
Maltose
Mannitol
Meat, pork, chicken or turkey fats,
Modified food starch
Molasses
Monosodium Glutamate
Natural sweeteners
Shortening or vegetable shortening
Sorbitol
Sucrose
Sugar
Syrups (maple, sorghum, and other assorted).
Unspecified vegetable oil (could be coconut,
coconut oil, palm kernel or palm oil) Coconut, coconut oil, palm kernel or palm oil
Seasoning salts
Sodium Benzoate
Sodium Caseinate
Sodium Citrate
Sodium Nitrate
Sodium Phosphate
Sodium Propionate
Sodium Saccharin |
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